Chapter 8 and Chapter 15

         When you have to present a speech, you have to recognize your audience and present your topic in a way that will make sense to them. For example, you would not give a speech about isotopes and atomic mass, and you would not give a lecture to college students about learning shapes and colors. You also have to realize who is in your audience so that you can make sure you are not disrespectful in any way, even if it is unintentional. You also should organize your speech so that it makes sense. If you are telling a story, you should tell it in a chronological order so the audience does not get confused. Even if you are the best public speaker, you still should prepare. Reread your speech a couple times and possibly read it aloud to a family member or friend to get a second opinion and see if they hear any issues. The different points of the speech have to connect with one another so that it makes sense. In the beginning and end of the speech, make sure you repeat your main points without giving so much information that you will lose the audience's attention. 

        As the title suggests, informative speeches are given to inform people. You do not really need to voice your opinion since it is not persuasive, you should mainly include facts, statistics, and quotes. You should also bee ready for questions, you should be knowledgeable about your topic so that people can trust you when you present. You should also make the topic relatable, you do not want to isolate a group of people from your speech by trying to make it relatable to only one type of group. Several ways to engage your audience can be an activity, a story, a question, or even humor. You should use repetition as much as you can, you want to repeat your main point as often as you can so that your audience realizes it is important. You can also use visuals like photographs, graphs, or charts to help your audience understand data better if some are more visual learners.